A Modern Vehicle's Engine

A vehicle's engine is its very own heart. Of course, just like in the case of the human body, it is hidden beneath protective layers. But even if an engine could be visible, the processes that go inside of cannot be seen. So, let's take some time to learn more about what is at the heart of today's modern cars.

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A modern car engine consists of various parts, including a fuel injector, cylinder heads, piston rings, valves, connecting rods, pistons, sensors, crankshaft, cylinders, camshaft, piston pins, among other parts. In a modern car engine, a mixture of fuel and air burns in a small container after the mixture is ignited. The combustion pressure caused by the explosion then pushes the piston. Then, the connecting rod and crankshaft mechanisms convert this pressure into rotation. Indeed, the system works effectively and that is why it has been used for more than 200 years. Now, let's examine more closely the four stroke cycle in a typical engine. 

The four stroke engine is also known as the Otto cycle engine. It is named after NA Otto, the inventor of the process.  It consists of four strokes that repeat over and over to create revolution. Here are the four steps broken down:

1) Intake stroke: During this stroke, air and fuel is drawn into the combustion chamber by atmospheric pressure when the inlet valve opens. The piston meanwhile goes down and leaves the combustion chamber ready. 

2) Compression stroke: During this stroke, the piston is lifted due to inertia and compresses the mixture. At the same time, both the inlet and exhaust valves have closed. 

3) Power Stroke: During this stroke, an electric current ignites the spark plugs. The mixed gas then burns and as it expands, it build pressure in the chamber. Then, the pressure brings down the piston with much force.

4) Exhaust stroke: As the piston begins to move up, it pushes the burned fumes through a now opened exhaust valve. Then, another intake stroke is ready to begin.